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Measured magnetic field phenomena, solar flare particles, and ionization in the interplanetary regionĭecember 1965 – still contactable in 2000 While the Sun is not physically explorable with current technology, the following solar observation probes have been designed and launched to operate in heliocentric orbit or at one of the Earth–Sun Lagrangian points – additional solar observatories were placed in Earth orbit and are not included in this list: Main articles: Heliophysics and Sun § Solar space missions Under Status, in the case of flybys (such as gravity assists) that are incidental to the main mission, "success" indicates the successful completion of the flyby, not necessarily that of the main mission.Sample return: Parts of the probe return to Earth with physical samples.Atmospheric probe or balloon: Part of a probe that descend through or floats in the atmosphere of an astronomical body not restricted to weather balloons and other atmospheric sounders, as it can also be used for surface and subsurface imaging and remote sensing.Penetrator: Part of a probe that impacts an astronomical body.Rover: Part of a probe that acts as a vehicle to move on the solid-surface of an astronomical body.Lander: Part of a probe that descend to the surface of an astronomical body.Orbiter: Part of a probe that orbits an astronomical body.

Flyby: The probe flies by an astronomical body, but does not orbit it.

As a result of this scheme missions are not always listed in order of launch. In cases which do not fit any of the above, the event to which the date refers is stated.

launch (missions that never got underway due to failure at or soon after launch).

landing to end of mission, whether planned or premature (landers).

orbital insertion to end of mission, whether planned or premature (orbiters).

The information given may be speculative. These are Cold War-era Soviet missions, mostly failures, about which few or no details have been officially released.

† means "tentatively identified", as classified by NASA.

– Mission en route or in progress (including mission extensions) – Mission or flyby completed successfully (or partially successfully) Confirmed future probes are included, but missions that are still at the concept stage, or which never progressed beyond the concept stage, are not. Flybys of Earth are listed separately at List of Earth flybys. Flybys (such as gravity assists) that were incidental to the main purpose of the mission are also included. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets, but excludes lunar missions, which are listed separately at List of lunar probes and List of Apollo missions.

This is a list of space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination.